Tezcatlipoca Worship is a Big Button technology in Age of Empires III: The WarChiefs that is unique to the Aztecs and can be researched at the Plantation. Jaguars are the patron of sorcerers and closely associated with the moon, Jupiter, and Ursa Major. He rose to importance during the politically dangerous and unstable times of the Late Postclassic Aztec and early Colonial periods. The young man and his entourage traveled to the Templo Mayor in Tenochtitlan, and as he walked up the stairs of the temple he played music with four flutes that represented the world's directions; he would destroy the four flutes on his way up the stairs. Finally, in a more positive role, when he was Omácatl, he was seen as the patron of the aristocracy and feasts. Tezcatlipoca is worshiped in Hepmonalandand the Amedio Jungleby Olmanwarriors, thieves, witches, and farmers. A central figure of the Popol Vuh was the god Tohil whose name means "obsidian" and who was associated with sacrifice. He brought devastation to the world which is why the Aztecs feared him. In Aztec mythology he was the brother of Quetzalcoatl, Huizilopochtli and Xipe Totec. Finally making land they beached their cypress log boat and proceeded to make a fire by rubbing sticks together. He holds an MA in Political Philosophy and is the Publishing Director at AHE. Recent research suggests that Tezcatlipoca was one of the most important gods in the Late Postclassic Aztec pantheon. Maestri, Nicoletta. Sometimes he carries four arrows in his right hand, weapons he uses to punish wrongdoers. According to Aztec mythology, prior to the current times, the world had passed through a series of four cycles, or “suns”, each one represented by a specific deity, and each one ending in a turbulent way. When the special month finally came around the impersonator was handsomely dressed in a warrior costume and in a symbolic wedding festival he married his four goddesses. Besides the Creation, Tezcatlipoca is involved in many mythical tales and one of the more curious is the arrival of the first dogs. Mark is a history writer based in Italy. Often considered as the supreme god he took on a bewildering array of names and manifestations depending on where and by whom he was worshiped. For the Mexica he was associated with day 1: Death and the god was especially worshipped during Tóxcatl, the 6th month of the 18-month solar year with those who did revere the god carrying the epithet titlacauan, meaning ‘we are his slaves’, indicative perhaps that, for good or bad, there was no escaping the attentions and influence of Tezcatlipoca. In the form of Aztec pictorial writing, this story must be one of the most exciting comic strips ever. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. A young man was chosen at the festival among the most physically perfect prisoners. License. Tezcatlipoca was sometimes cast as the supernatural antagonist of Quetzalcoatl, the deity associated with cultural creativity, urban order, and priestly wisdom. Nach der Gottheit Tezcatlipoca wurde auch der Asteroid (1980) Tezcatlipoca benannt. This banner text can have markup.. web; books; video; audio; software; images; Toggle navigation He was considered the patron god of warriors. Tezcatlipoca, (Nahuatl: “Smoking Mirror”) god of the Great Bear constellation and of the night sky, one of the major deities of the Aztec pantheon. Honoured with flowers and dances the man-god was then ferried to a dedicated temple where he was promptly sacrificed and his heart removed to honour the real Tezcatlipoca. For the next year, the young man personified Tezcatlipoca, traveling through the Aztec capital city of Tenochtitlan attended by servants, fed with delicious food, wearing the finest clothing, and being trained in music and religion. The opposition between Quetzalcoatl and Tezcatlipoca is reflected in the legend of the mythical city of Tollan. Tezcatlipoca was known as the Lord of the Smoking Mirror. Jaguars were the epitome of hunting, warfare, and sacrifice to the Aztec people, and Tezcatlipoca was the familiar feline spirit of Aztec shamans, priests, and kings. In Aztec tradition Tezcatlipoca was considered to be an opposite and rival to Quetzalcoatl. These women themselves impersonated four goddesses - Atlatonan, Huixtocihuatl, Xilonen and Xochiquetzal. Maestri, Nicoletta. Tezcatlipoca is sometimes illustrated as the jaguar deity Tepeyollotl ("Heart of the Mountain"). For the different aspects he embodied, Tezcatlipoca was also known as the Red Tezcatlipoca of the West, and the Black Tezcatlipoca of the North, associated with death and cold. We have also been recommended for educational use by the following publications: Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. Smoking Mirror Blues: Or, The Return of Tezcatlipoca, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Often considered as the supreme god he took on a bewildering array of names and manifestations depending on where and by whom he was worshipped. "Tezcatlipoca." (2020, August 27). Some Rights Reserved (2009-2021) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. However, the wind god started singing in such an irresistible manner that one of the musicians felt compelled to answer and so he was punished by the sun and made to return to earth, bringing with him the gift of music. Made of obsidian, it was adorned with rich robes, earrings of gold and silver, and from its lip hung a crystal with a feather inside it. That name is a reference to obsidian mirrors, circular flat shiny objects made of volcanic glass, as well as a symbolic reference to the smoke of battle and sacrifice. He was not always protective to soldiers, though, for sometimes he could be found at crossroads at the dead of night, ready to challenge any unsuspecting warriors. For one year before, in fact, the captive was tutored by priests, treated as a noble and even given four women to look after him. The wind god needed help for such a dangerous mission and so he enrolled Tezcatlipoca’s assistants - a turtle, mermaid and a whale - these he put together to make a bridge so that he might cross the ocean. Web. "Tezcatlipoca: Aztec God of Night and Smoking Mirrors." Invisible an… As with other Aztec religious rites an important part of the ceremony was the impersonation of the god, most often by a prisoner of war, typically the best looking and most courageous one. Similarities exist with the patron deity of the K'iche' Maya as described in the Popol Vuh. Consequently, directly or under one of his many names, he was worshiped not only in Tenoch-titlan but also in many other parts of Mexico, and especially in Texcoco. Ancient History Encyclopedia. The Tizoc Stone is a huge stone cylinder from the Aztec capital... Tezcatlipoca: Trickster and Supreme Deity. Tezcatlipoca was a significant god in Aztec religion. The Ancient History Encyclopedia logo is a registered EU trademark. POW! Their battles were repeated several times, accompanied by devastation, world destruction and severe inconvenience to a large number of monkeys. Tezcatlipoca was an important god in the Aztec religion. He wore a gold ornament with smoke curls etched on it, the smoke representing the pleas of suffering … The mask interior is lined with deerskin and the same material is used for the two straps attached to the skull. He is sealed inside his temple in the jungles of Mexico. 15-feb-2017 - The god Tezcatlipoca was a major Aztec deity who was worshiped in east-west facing temples in many Mesoamerican city-states under the influence of the Aztecs, particularly Texcoco. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/Tezcatlipoca/. He was considered the patron god of warriors. Cite This Work Written by Mark Cartwright, published on 14 August 2013 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Owing to Aztec dualism, Tezcatlipoca was associated with both good things such … His name is translated as ‘smoking mirror’ in the Nahuatl language of the Aztec and he is often associated with several different concepts, including: the night sky, night winds, hurricanes, the north, jaguars, obsidian, and war. 22 Jan 2021. The god could intervene directly in human affairs to bring both happiness and sorrow. This replica death mask came from the Natural History Museum in Mexico City. Tezcatlipoca (Tez-ca-tlee-POH-ka), whose name means “Smoking Mirror”, was the Aztec god of night and sorcery, as well as the patron deity of Aztec kings and young warriors. In some ways like Huitzilopochtli who represented the blue sky, or day sky, Tezcatlipoca represented the night sky. This replacement of the foot is a reference to a wound he received in his famous battle with Tlaltecuhtli during the Creation. 2 nov. 2017 - The god Tezcatlipoca was a major Aztec deity who was worshiped in east-west facing temples in many Mesoamerican city-states under the influence of the Aztecs, particularly Texcoco. According to Aztec mythology, Tezcatlipoca was a vengeful god, who could see and punish any evil behavior or action happening on earth. Here he may have a smoking mirror on his head and a serpent in place of a foot, whilst in later depictions of the god he has a polished black obsidian mirror instead of a left foot. Eine der wichtigsten Zeremonien der aztekischen Religion war die Opferung eines Jugendlichen, der Tezcatlipoca symbolisierte. Invisible and omnipotent, he was known as a Creator god, the god of sustenance, a patron of warriors and as the bringer of both good and evil he was the very embodiment of change through conflict. He was considered the patron god of warriors. Tezcatlipoca war der Gott des Nordens, auch der Kälte und des Nachthimmels. Last modified August 14, 2013. Symbolically, Tezcatlipoca is also often represented by an obsidian knife. Ever-present, the god could intervene directly in human affairs to bring both happiness and sorrow. Transformed into giant snakes, the two gods attacked and dismembered the female reptilian monster known as Tlaltcuhtli (or Cipactli), one part became the earth and the other the sky. Another story explains Tezcatlipoca’s association with music. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/tezcatlipoca-aztec-god-of-night-172964. A young man was chosen at the festival among the most physically perfect prisoners. I added an Obsidian "flaked" knife blade with Quartz Crystal handle that represents the sacrificial knife used ceremonies. This striking object may well be one of the gifts that the Aztec king Montezuma II gave to Hernando Cortés in 1519 CE. The name was used because of the shiny black mirrors often used by Aztec priests. Credit: British Museum. Often considered as the supreme god he took on a bewildering array of names and manifestations depending on where and by whom he was worshipped. In some images, a smoking mirror replaces Tezcatlipoca's lower leg or foot. He is also known as Blue Tezcatlipoca, the ‘Hummingbird Sorcerer’, god of Tenochtitlán, where he was associated with the sun and the war god Huitzilopochtli. Thank you for visiting my website! Indeed, one of the most famous art objects of the god is the decorated skull now in the British Museum in London. PUNCH! The sun saw the wind god arriving and warned his entourage of musicians not to answer any demands the wind might make, otherwise, they would be sent back to earth with the wind. To Tezcatlipoca was dedicated one of the most ostentatious and imposing ceremonies of the Aztec religious calendar year. In the month of Tóxcatl, the sixth month (or 5th) of the Aztec solar year, Tezcatlipoca was worshipped in special ceremonies. Tezcatlipoca was also worshiped under the name Titlacahuan, "He Whose Slaves We Are", who was the master of human destiny. Tezcatlipoca could take on more sinister connotations when he was known as lord of the shadows or night, a sorcerer of black magic and the bringer of evil, death and destruction as Chalchiuhtecólotl, ‘Precious Owl’ or Chalchiuhtotolin, ‘Precious Turkey’. May 13, 2017 - The god Tezcatlipoca was a major Aztec deity who was worshiped in east-west facing temples in many Mesoamerican city-states under the influence of the Aztecs, particularly Texcoco. His special interests include pottery, architecture, world mythology and discovering the ideas that all civilizations share in common. He was considered the patron god of warriors. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri. Tezcatlipoca is often represented wearing a turquoise mask with a black eye band. Moreover, how was tezcatlipoca worshiped? TEZCATLIPOCA. The god could be depicted in different colours depending on which cardinal point he was representing - black for north, blue for south, red for east and white for west. BASH! Books It is solid Obsidian with inlaid Turquoise and Red Coral. The Tezcatlipoca figure goes back to earlier Mesoamerican deities worshiped by the Olmec and Maya. Tez-ca-tli-po-ca) or Smoking Mirror in Nahuatl was one of the most important gods in Postclassical Mesoamerican culture and a particularly important deity for the Toltecs (from the 10th century CE) and later, for the Aztecs, most especially at Texcoco. Tezcatlipoca’s statue: Tezcatlipoca was always represented as a young god and some important elements of his human form can be found in the statue dedicated to his worship. He was the god of material things and of night, and was also associated with winds, the earth, magic and war. There are a few Late Postclassic images outside the Aztec empire including one at Tomb 7 at the Zapotec capital of Monte Alban in Oaxaca, which may represent a continuing cult. Yet another manifestation of the god was as Tepeyolohtli, the jaguar god that lived in the centre of the mountain of the earth. Aztec Sun Stoneby Dennis Jarvis (CC BY-SA). Many Aztec legends hold that Tezcatlipoca and Quetzalcoatl were the gods who originated the world, told in the myth of the Legend of the Fifth Sun. He was an old-style pan-Mesoamerican god, considered the embodiment of the natural world, a frightening figure who was both omnipresent--on earth, in the land of the dead, and in the sky--and omnipotent. This constitutes the Late Pre-Classic Period of the Mayan civilization. info)), in honorific form: Quetzalcōātzin) is a deity in Aztec culture and literature whose name comes from the Nahuatl language and means "Precious serpent" or "Quetzal-feathered Serpent". Quetzalcoatl has been worshiped by all the major Mesoamerican cultures including the Mayans and the Aztecs. These gods complained vociferously to Tezcatlipoca who, perhaps a little harshly, lopped off the heads of the couple and reattached them to their backsides, thus, the very first dogs were created. Tezcatlipoca was the God-rival of Querzazlcoatl who fought endless battles with him from the beginning of the creation of the universe. Warriors Jaguars and servants of this god seeking release it. He was sometimes known as owner of the sky and the Earth, and Lord of the Smoking Mirror. Tezcatlipocan palvonta on alun perin lähtöisin tolteekeilta. One day the god instructed a black wind god to go to the sun and fetch some music. Ancient History Encyclopedia. by Trustees of the British Museum (Copyright). Among other things, he was also the god of the night sky and the direction north. https://www.ancient.eu/Tezcatlipoca/. To Tezcatlipoca was dedicated one of the most ostentatious and imposing ceremonies of the Aztec religious calendar year. In the complex Mesoamerican creation myths Tezcatlipoca ruled the first world of the Sun but was then overthrown by Quetzalcóatl. Polished pyrite surrounded by white conch shell provide the eyes. Experts believe this decorated human skull is a depiction of the Mesoamerican deity Tezcatlipoca. When he reached the top, a group of priests carried out his sacrifice. Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. Tezcatlipoca’s cult was brought to central Mexico by the Toltecs, Nahua-speaking warriors from the north, about the end of the 10th century ad.. The god Tezcatlipoca was a major Aztec deity who was worshiped in east-west facing temples in many Mesoamerican city-states under the influence of the Aztecs, particularly Texcoco. The earliest recognized representations of the pan-Mesoamerican god Tezcatlipoca are associated with Toltec architecture at the Temple of Warriors at Chichén Itzá, dated to AD 700-900. By the Late Classic Period (600AD-900AD), it appears that the worship of Quetzalcoatl had spread throughout the Mesoamerican regi… Tezcatlipoca was the 10th of the 13 Lords of the Day and associated with the horned owl in the Mesoamerican calendar whilst his nagual or animal spirit was the jaguar. The Aztecs believed they lived in the fifth and last epoch. A creator god, Tezcatlipoca ruled over Ocelotonatiuh (“Jaguar-Sun”), the first of the four worlds that were created and destroyed before the present universe. "Tezcatlipoca." Er steht für Mond und die Farbe Schwarz, für die Materie, die Kriege, aber auch für die Versuchung.Tezcatlipoca war auch beteiligt an der Erschaffung der Welt zur ersten Sonne.Sein Gegenspieler war Kurzaquatel, der zerstörte die Welt.Aber später kam wieder Tezcatlipoca ins Spiel und vertrieb ihn wieder. For this reason, Quetzalcoatl is sometimes known as the White Tezcatlipoca to distinguish him from his brother, the Black Tezcatlipoca. Tezcatlipoca ruled the first sun when the world was inhabited by giants. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Then they decided to cook a fish but the smoke from their fire disturbed the stars, especially Citlallatonac and Citlalicue. The trouble began with the old couple Tata and Nene, survivors from the flood which had previously destroyed the 4th world. Some archaeologists and historians believe that the legend of the fight between Tezcatlipoca and Quetzalcoatl refers to historical events such as the clash of different ethnic groups from the North and Central Mexico. Tezcatlipoca (テスカトリポカ, Tesukatoripoka) is the god worshiped by the Aztecs. In a similar vein, Tezcatlipoca could represent those other disagreeable elements of the human condition: intense cold, sin and misery when he took on the guise of Itztlacoliuhqui. Tezcatlipoca, Codex Riosby Unknown Artist (Public Domain). Nicoletta Maestri holds a Ph.D. in Mesoamerican archaeology with fieldwork experience in Italy, the Near East, and throughout Mesoamerica. The two later cooperated, however, to create the 5th Sun. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. 24-feb-2019 - The god Tezcatlipoca was a major Aztec deity who was worshiped in east-west facing temples in many Mesoamerican city-states under the influence of the Aztecs, particularly Texcoco. Quetzalcoatl - Pan-Mesoamerican Feathered Serpent God, The Founding of Tenochtitlan and the Origin of the Aztecs, Aztec Sacrifice - The Meaning and Practice of Mexica Ritual Killings, Tonatiuh, the Aztec God of the Sun, Fertility and Sacrifice, Top 10 Things to Know About the Aztecs and Their Empire, Tlaloc the Aztec God of Rain and Fertility, The Aztec Religion and Gods of the Ancient Mexica, Xipe Totec: Grisly Aztec God of Fertility and Agriculture, Profile of Huehueteotl-Xiuhtecuhtli, Aztec God of Fire, History of Animal and Plant Domestication, Ph.D., Anthropology, University of California Riverside, M.A., Anthropology, University of California Riverside. A fight between Tezcatlipoca and the god Quetzalcoatl, who wanted to replace him, put an end to this first world with the giants being devoured by jaguars. Maestri, Nicoletta. For these qualities, Aztec kings were considered Tezcatlipoca’s representatives on earth; at their election, they had to stand in front of the god’s image and perform several ceremonies in order to legitimize their right to rule. The god Tezcatlipoca was a major Aztec deity who was worshiped in east-west facing temples in many Mesoamerican city-states under the influence of the Aztecs, particularly Texcoco. Tezcatlipoca is an entity often believed to be vampire that was part of the ruling supernatural clique in the Aztec empire. In some ways he was akin to Huitzilopochtli, and in others he was his opposite; for Huitzilopochtli represented the blue sky, the sky of day, while Tezcatlipoca personified the black or night sky. Cartwright, M. (2013, August 14). Cartwright, Mark. The mirror may signify that the god is all-seeing or that he rules over all of the earth, sometimes referred to as a smoking mirror. Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization. He is often in the company of a turquoise snake, may have stripes painted on his face in yellow and black and wear a costume with corn designs (in reference to his role as god of the dry season and war) and skulls and bones (as he is an underworld god). Tezcatlipoca ([teskatɬiˈpoːka]) was a central deity in Aztec mythology.He was associated with many concepts. The first documented worship of Quetzalcoatl is found in Theotihuacan during the first century BC or first century AD.
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